3.10.3 Passive distributed membrane

The role of the neuronal membrane is controversial as used in physiology. As [24] discussed, ’from an electrical point of view, the properties of the membrane can be satisfactorily described by a sole element: a capacitance.’ However, on the same page, the caption of Figure 1.1 explains that ’Proteins inserted into the membrane, here ionic channels, provide a conduit through the membrane.’ Also, the ’associated lumped electrical circuit for this patch, consisting of a capacitance and a resistance in series with a battery’ (and parallel with each other). That picture is wrong; see Figure 3.3. When inventing the AIS, the wrong hypothesis turned into a fallacy.