Figure 4.1: Timing relations of von Neumann’s complete timing model, with data transfer time in chained operations; synchronization becomes an issue as the physical size of the computing system grows. Notice that synchrony signals must be bypassed or neglected.
Timing relations of von Neumann’s timing model: the data transfer time neglected apart from data processing time; synchronization can have small dispersion. Notice that the central synchronization signal appears at different places in the processor at different times.